Endocrine Abstracts

Numerous studies have identified several extra-skeletal health outcomes to be associated with vitamin D deficiency, yet a definitive causal link is yet to be discovered. Our recent 3D LC-nESI-FTMS proteomic analysis among normal and overweight but apparently healthy adult Saudis identified apolipoproteins, a known independent cardiovascular risk factor, as one of the serological molecular signatures that modulate vitamin D levels. The present interventional study aims to compa...

We studied the association between RBP4 and various markers related to insulin resistance and diabetic complications as well as inflammatory markers in Saudi population suffering from type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease. Patients with type 2 diabetes were divided into 3 groups according to the type of treatment and involvement of coronary artery disease. Serum TNF-α, insulin, CRP, resistin, leptin and adiponectin were analysed in all samples. RBP4 plasma levels inc...

Background: Our previous study revealed a high prevalence of abnormal mineralization markers namely low 25 hydroxyvitamin D (47.9%); high serum alkaline phosphatase (3.7%) and low calcium-phosphate product (9.8%) suggestive of biochemical signs of osteomalacia (OM, defined as any two of these risk factors). OM was more prevalent in girls (11.2%) compared to boys (5.0%). In this follow-up study, we aimed to evaluate if biochemical OM was associated with low intakes of calcium a...

Background and aims: Current evidence highlights that dietary cholesterol, trans-fatty acids and saturated fatty acids (SFAs) are all known to increase the levels of systemic atherogenic lipoproteins and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to observe the direct effect of dietary change, via a calorie-restricted diet on i) cardio-metabolic profile and ii) a high-fat meal challenge pre- and post-3-month intervention.Methods: T2DM subjects (Sa...

Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (LpPLA2) is a member of the phospholipaseA2 super family of enzymes, and is upregulated in arterial inflammation, obesity and cardiovascular disease. The other isoforms, iPLA2 and cPLA2, appear to contribute to inflammation through production of lipid mediators. The role of PLA2 in human adipose tissue (AT) is unclear, therefore we sought to i) characterise PLA2 isoforms in lean, obese, T2DM abdominal subcutaneous (AbdSc) and omental (Om...

Background: Previous genome wide association studies in Caucasian and South Asian populations have identified over 35 loci for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk. However, little is known about the contribution of these loci in T2DM from a Saudi Arabian population. In this study we investigated for the first time, the association of 38 previously identified T2DM risk loci (32 loci from Caucasian and six loci from South Asian populations) in 1166 T2DM patients and 1235 health...

Objective: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk of type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease reduced through Vitamin D3 supplementation. However to the best of our knowledge, no research has determined the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation in conjunction with existing pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches to the DMT2 population. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation in a co...

Introduction: The endoplasmic reticulum enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase catalyzes the common terminal reaction in the gluconeogenic and glycogenolytic pathways and plays a central role in glucose homeostasis. In most mammals, different G6PC subunits are encoded by three paralogous genes (G6PC, G6PC2, and G6PC3). Mutations in G6PC and G6PC3 are responsible for human Mendelian diseases, whereas variants in G6PC2 are associated with fasting glucose (FG) levels.<p class="abstext"...

Habitual post-prandial absorption of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) increases systemic atherogenic lipoproteins and a pro-inflammatory response, a condition exacerbated by obesity, insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Also, gut derived bacteria (endotoxin) is absorbed coupled to damaging lipoproteins as it crosses the mucosa, which could directly impact on adipose tissue, as our previous studies suggest. The current studies addressed whether a SFA rich me...

Recent studies suggest that endotoxin from gut flora, may be key to development of inflammation by stimulating the secretion of an adverse cytokine profile from adipose tissue. The study investigated the relationship between endotoxin and various metabolic parameters of diabetic patients to determine if anti-diabetic therapies exerted a significant effect on endotoxin levels and adipocytokine profiles of T2DM subjects. Fasting blood samples were collected from consenting Saudi...